Greenhouse Horticulture: Important Points

 The India Greenhouse Horticulture market held a market value of USD 190.84 Million in 2021 and is estimated to reach USD 271.25 Million by the year 2030.

• The market is expected to register a growth rate of 4.19% over the projected period. In 2021, India’s greenhouse horticulture production was 27.71 million tonnes.
• Greenhouse Horticulture is also known as protected cropping. It is the production of horticultural crops within, under or sheltered by structures for providing modified growing conditions and/or protection from adverse weather, pests, and diseases.

Growth Influencers:

• Robust increase in population and food demand.
• Rising entrepreneurship under horticulture due to government intervention.

• The term horticulture is derived from two Latin words hortus, meaning ‘garden’, and cultura meaning ‘cultivation’ hence meaning, crops cultivated in a garden cultivation.
• It is a science and art of production, utilisation and improvement of fruits, vegetables, flowers and other plants for human food, non-food uses and social needs.
• L.H. Bailey is considered the Father of American Horticulture and M.H. Marigowda is considered the Father of Indian Horticulture.

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH):

• Centrally Sponsored Scheme for the holistic growth of the horticulture sector covering fruits, vegetables and other areas.
• Under MIDH, Government of India contributes 60% of the total outlay for developmental programmes in all the states (except North Eastern and Himalayan states where GOI contributes 90%) & 40% is contributed by State governments.
• It has five major schemes on horticulture-
  • National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
  • Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan States (HMNEH)
  • National Horticulture Board (NHB)
  • Coconut Development Board (CDB) &
  • Central Institute of Horticulture (CIH), Nagaland.

National Horticulture Board (NHB):

• It was set up in 1984 on the basis of recommendations of the “Group on Perishable Agricultural Commodities”, headed by Dr M. S. Swaminathan.
• Headquartered at Gurugram.
• Objective is to improve integrated development of Horticulture industry and to help in coordinating, sustaining the production and processing of fruits and vegetables.

Read More

Daily Dosage - Methods of Pruning - Horticulture Short notes

Methods of pruning

1. Thinning out: 

• When a shoot is removed entirely from the inception (from the point of origin) so that, no new shoot arises from that place, it is referred as thinning out.
• This thinning is practiced in the removal of shoots arising in unwanted places, water shoots etc.

2. Trimming: 

• Cutting the growth of the twigs to a pre-determined level as in the case of fence, hedge and edge.

3. Heading back: 

• When the branches grow tall and vigorously without producing flowers, these shoots are headed back. When a branch is cut almost to the base, leaving a few inches of stump, carrying few buds, it is referred as Heading Back. 
• These buds left on the stump will give rise to shoots which are important to the tree either being spur bearers or bearing flower buds or filling up of gaps in the tree or forming vegetative wood from which flowers may arise in the following year. The shoot from the bud nearest to the cut takes the place of the pruned shoot.

4. Pollarding: 

• Mere cutting back of the shoots, indiscriminately to reduce the height of the tree is Pollarding. 

5. Pinching (tipping): 

• Removal of the tip of the shoot to stop its indeterminate growth or to encourage the growth of the lateral buds is pinching or tipping. This is practiced in marigold and chillies at the time of transplanting.

6. Disbudding (nipping or rubbing): 

• Nipping or rubbing of young buds preventing a chance of their sprouting is disbudding. When the buds arise in wrong places they are rubbed off. Similarly sprouts (Buds) on root stocks are disbudded.

7. De-blossoming: 

• Removal of surplus flowers to enable the tree to produce crops regularly year after year is called deblossoming. This is practiced in alternate bearers like mango. apple etc.

Read More

Daily Dosage - Horticulture oneliner

Horticulture One liner

✅“National Horticulture board” located in ? Gurugram (Haryana)    

                                                      

✅Chief pollinating agent in onion is? Honey bee                         

✅Which chemical used for preventing sprouting during storage in onion?                                       MaleicHydrazide        

                                             

✅Seed rate of hybrid tomato is? 100-150 g/ha                                                 

✅How many mango trees will be accommodated with a spacing of 5 m x 5m in an area of           one ha? 400 trees/ha.                                           

✅Post harvest losses in fruit and vegetable? 30-40%                                          

✅Cloves required for planting garlic? 500 kg/ha                              

     

✅Sanjose scale is the most serious pest of? Apple                               

              

✅“Goma Kirti” is a variety of? Ber     

     

 ✅The hard fruits of citrus are due to the? Boron deficiency         

✅ Anti-fungal factor in onion is? Catechol                       

                                        

✅Kent is the mutant variety of? Coffee , while Caturra is a natural mutant variety of                     Coffee                                                 

✅Removal of male bud after completion of female phase is known as? Denavelling              

✅Sex form of water melon is? Monoecious                               

                         

✅The element which improve quality of fruits is? Boron       

                   

✅ Saffron is obtained from? Style and Stigma                            

                      

✅Arka Keshar and Arka Dheeraj are varieties of?   Gladiolus.                   

✅Rostellum and pollinia are terms related to?  Orchid            

                          

✅World coconut day 2020 is observed on which date? 2nd september

✅ Ruby Important variety of -Pomegranate

✅ Pusa Ruby Important variety of -Tomato

Read More

Daily Dosage - Types of Vegetable gardens - Vegetable science oneliner

Types of Vegetable gardens

1.Home  or kitchen or Nutritional Garden - Area required for home garden is 250 sqm

2.Market Garden - 

• Mostly situated near big cities,
• Intensive cultivation is followed, 
• Many crops are grown simultaneously

3.Truck Garden - 

• Extensive cultivation is followed one or two crops are grown

4.Processing Vegetable Garden - 

• Specialized cultivation practices are followed.Mainly grown on contract basis

5.Vegetable forcing or control environment agriculture - 

• Intensive cultivation is followed. 
• Very small area is used.

6.Vegetable garden for seed production - 

• Special type of vegetables are grown. 
• Contract cultivation.

7.Floating Vegetable Garden - 

• Mainly found in Jammu & Kashmir Shallow rooted vegetables are grown

8. Roof Garden - Fresh leafy vegetable are grown

Read More