Sugarcane Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.          ORIGIN of sugarcane: South East Asia.

2.          Botanical name of sugarcane: Saccharum spp.

3.          Family of sugarcane: Gramineae/Poeace

4.          Chromosome number of sugarcane: 80,120

5.          Soil ph of sugarcane: 6.5-7.5

6.          Inflorescence of sugarcane: Arrow

7.          Noble cane developed by T.S. venketruman.

8.          Artificial ripening of cane by glyphosine, CCC and Polaris.

9.          Brix reading in sugarcane 18-20%.

10.      Sugarcane is a C-4 plant, perennial plant, long day plant, tropical crop.

11.      Upper 1/3 part of cane and 10 month old plant is used for planting because it contains higher nitrogenous and glucose which helps for better germination.

12.      Glucose present in upper part of plant and sucrose present in lower part of plant.

13.      Sugar industry is the largest agro-based industry next only to textiles in India.

14.      Sugarcane bowl of world: Cuba

15.      Water requirement of sugarcane: 2200 mm.

16.      Sugarcane is a Heavy feeder Crop.

17.      Zero tillage is practiced in sugarcane.

18.     Types of Sugarcane sp

• Chinese cane : Saccharum sinensis (Chinese cane), 
• Indian Cane : Saccharum barberi  (Indian cane)
• Tropical cane: Saccharum officinarum (Noble cane)
• Wild cane: Saccharum robustum

19.     Indian institute of sugarcane research, Luckhnow, 1952.

20.     Sugarcane breeding institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu,1912.

21.     Sugarcane breeding institute, Regional Centre Karnal, 1932

22.     Temperature for sugarcane-

•  Ripening temp : 12-14C
•  Optimum temp : 28-32C
•  Formative stage : 26.5C

23.         Seed rate of sugarcane - Setts 

•  3 budded 35000-40000 setts/ha.
•  2 budded 80000 setts/ha.
•  1 budded 120000 setts/ha.

24.      Spacing for cane- 75-90 x 45 cm.

25.        Planting season of sugarcane:

• Autum: oct- nov (north india,12 months)
• Eksali: jan-feb (north india,12 months)
•  Adsali: july - aug (south india,18 months)

26.      Sugarcane sowing methods-

•       Flatbed method: in north india, sowing depth 8-10 cm.
•       Ridge and Furrow method: in south india, depth 10-15 cm.
•       Trench method: prevent to lodging.
•       Partha method: in south india.
•       Spaced method: used single budded setts.
•       Winter nursery method: used 3 budded setts.
•       Rayangan method: used for gap filling.
•       Skip furrow method: combine method of flat bed and trench method.
•       Pit method: used in sloppy field with pit size 20-30 cm.

27.        Irrigation stages in sugarcane-

•     Germination stage: 0-60 DAP
•     Formative  stage:  60-130  DAP  (  most  critical  stage)
•     Grand phase: 130-250 DAP
•     Maturity phase: 250-365 DAP

28.        Tying: Bind stems together.

29.        Earthing up: plant root covered by soil to prevent logging. Done in 45 DAP.

30.        Logging: nutrient status of plant.

31.        Treshing: removing dry leaves from crop.

32.         Blind hoeing: weeding after sowing and before germination.

33.         Arrowing: inflorescence of cane is arrow and process of emerging is  called arrowing.

34.          Water lodging: crop fall down due to excessive water.

35.          Crop lodging: crop fall down due to high wind velocity.

36.          Logging term given by H.F. clament.

37.          Bagases: used for fuel and paper making.

38.          Molasses: for Alcohol production. The yield of molasses is approximately 3.0 percent per ton of cane.

39.          Press mud: reclamation of acidic soil. (due to lime contain)

40.          Gasohol: petrol (80%) + alcohol (20%)

  Soyabean Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

22.       Soybean is a Cheapest source of vegetable protein 40% + Oil rich 20%.

23.       Soybean contains poly unsaturated fatty acid linolic & oleic acid.

24.       Nitrogen fixation in soybean: 40kg/ha.

25.       Seed multiplication ratio of soybean: 1:16

26.       For soybean- minimum temp.- 5C, optimum – 30C, max.- 40C

27.       Ph required For soybean: 6.0-7.5

28.       Storage moisture percentage for soybean: 8-10%

 Sorghum / Jowar Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.          ORIGIN of Sorghum: South East Asia

2.          Botanical name of sorghum: Sorghum bicolor

3.          Family of sorghum: Poaceae/Gramineae

4.          Chromosome number of sorghum: 2n=20

5.          Sorghum is a King of coarse cereals.

6.          First hybrid of sorghum: CSH-1 (1964)

7.          HCN free variety of sorghum:  Sirsa-20

8.          Inflorescence of sorghum: Panicle

9.          Sorghum is Poor in lysine and rich in leucine.

10.      Biofertilizer used in sorghum: Azospirillum (symbiotically associative)

11.      Sorghum is a C4, often cross pollinated crop, short day plant.

12.      Seed multiplication ratio of sorghum: 1:100

13.      Minimum/base temperature for germination of sorghum: 7-8⁰C

14.      Optimum temperature for sorghum: 27-32⁰C

15.      Sorghum is known as camel crop because it has capacity to withstand  against drought condition.

16.      Sorghum Green fodder contain HCN (dhurin, prussic acid) toxic compound for animal. HCN present in early stage (40-50 DAS) in upper leaves.

17.       Protein % in sorghum: 10-12%

18.       Water requirement for sorghum: 400-600 mm.

19.       Drought and salinity tolerant variety of sorghum: CSH-9

20.       Sorghum For fodder purpose harvested at Knee stage.

21.       High dose of sorghum caused pellagra disease (Vit-B deficiency)

22.       Limit of HCN: 0.5%

23.       Ratooning technique: Harvest the main crop leaving 15 cm stubbles.

24.       Spacingfor sorghum: 45 x 15 cm or 45 x 10 cm.

25.       Sorghum sowing at 5 cm depth.

26.       Seed rate of sorghum: normal- 10-12 kg/ha, for fodder perpose- 40- 45kg/ha.

 Pearl Millet /Cumbu Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A for all Competitive Exam

1.          Origin of pearl millet: Africa

2.          Botanical name of pearl millet: Pennisetum typhodium.

3.          Family of pearl millet: Poaceae/Gramineae

4.          Chromosome number of pearl millet: 2n=14

5.          Pearl millet is a Highly drought tolerant among all cereals.

6.          In pearl millet Cross pollination due to protogyney.

7.          Other names of pearl millet: cattle millet, spike millet, candle millte, cumbu.

8.          Grain contains 12.4% of moisture, 11.6% of protein, 5% of fat, 67% of carbohydrates and 2.7% of minerals.

9.          In pearl millet Lowest water requirement among all cereals(25cm or 250 m)

10.         Cumbu is a Warm weather crop, Germination in cumbu: Hypogeal type

11.         Pearl millet is Sensitive to water logging and acidic soil.

12.          Pearl millet Considered as a poor man’s food.

13.          First hybrid of pearl millet: HB-1 (1965) ( tift 23A x bill 3B)

14.          Spacing for pearl millet: 45 x 15 cm

15.          Pearl millet is a Mineral rich cereal.

16.          Moisture percentage at harvesting stage in pearl millet: 20%

17.          Moisture percentage at the time of storage in pearl millet: 10-12%

18.          P. purpureum - Elephant grass

19.          Seed multiplication ratio of pearlmillet: 1:200

20.          Seed rate of pearl millet: 4-5 kg/ha

21.          Seed rate of pearl millet for fodder: 10-12 kg/ha

22.          Spacing of pearl millet:  45 x 12-15 cm

23.          Sowing depth of pearl millet: 2-3 cm

 Barley Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.Origin of Barley: South East Asia

2.Botanical name of barley: Hordeum vulgare

3.Family of barley: Gramineae/Poaceae

4.Chromosome number of barley: 2n=14

5.Barley mostly used in the malt production.

6.Moisture percentage in malt : <14%

7.Inflorescence of Barley: Spike/Head/Pearl.

8. Barley seed called: Cariyopsis

9.Pearl barley is used for kidney disorder.

10. Lugdi is a fermented drink developed by hull less barley grains.

11. Barley is a Rabi cereal crop.

12. In barley Protein - 11.5%, carbohydrate - 74%, fat - 1.3%, crude fibre - 3.9%, ash - 1.5%.

13.Soil requirement Barley is tolerant to salinity and alkalinity, but, sensitive to acidity. Drained, fertile deep loam

14.Soil pH 7-8.

15.Barley grown in high N soils.

16.Seed rate of barley-

•    Irrigated condition – 75-80 kg/ha.
•    Rainfed – 100 kg/ha.
•    Late sowing: 100-120 kg/ha.

17. Spacing for barley sowing: 22.5x10 cm

18. Sowing depth of barley: 5 cm

19. Water requirement for barley is 200-300mm.