Pigeon Pea / Redgram /Arhar Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.            Origin of pigeon pea: Africa

2.          Botanical name of pigeon pea: Cajanus cajan

3.          Family of pigeon pea: leguminaceae / papilionaceae

4.          Chromosome number of pigeon pea: 2n=22

5.          Germination type of pigeon pea: Hypogeal.

6.          Protein in pigeon pea: 21-25%

7.          Inflorescence of pigeon pea: Axillary Raceme

8.          Other name of pigeon pea: Red gram, Congo pea, no eye pea, Arhar, tur.

9.          Deep rooted system in pigeon pea crop.

10.      Pigeon pea is an Often cross pollinated crop.

11.      Pigeon pea is a C3, short day plant

12.      1 gram of protein = 1 gram of carbohydrate.

13.      Stems are woody, branchy can go up >4m

14.      Pigeon pea is a Hardy crop, most drought tolerant crop.

15.      Harvesting index of pigeon pea, lowest among cereals 19%

16.      Storage moisture percentage of pigeon pea: 10-11%

17.      Test weight of pigeon pea: 72g

18.      Fruit type of pigeon pea: Pod

19.      Edible part of pigeon pea: Seed

20.      Water requirement of pigeon pea: 300-350 mm

21.      Cajanus cajan var. flavus (tur) is a –

• Short duration
• Pods are light colored with 3-4 seeds
•  Annuals, yellow flowers, fewer plain pods
• Plant hight 2-3 metre
• Early maturity (100-150 days)
• No red vines present.
•  Flowering in Dec. – Feb.
•  Pod maturity at different time.
•  Cultivated in Southern India

22.    Cajanus cajan var. bicolor (arhar) is a-

•  Long duration, flowers yellow with purple streak
•  Std petals bears red veins on dorsal side
•  Pods are dark colored with 5-7 seeds
•  Cultivated in northern India

23.      Flowering Sep. – Nov.

24.      Pod maturity at same time (synchronization)

25.      Plant height 5-6 metre.

26.      Late maturity (150-180 days)

27.      It is also found suitable for forage, as cover crop, shade and hedge.

28.      Temp. Required to pigeon pea at 

• Germination: 30-35C, 
• Vegetative growth: 20-25C, 
• Flowering and pod development: 14-18C, 
• At maturity: 35-40C

 Sugarcane Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.          ORIGIN of sugarcane: South East Asia.

2.          Botanical name of sugarcane: Saccharum spp.

3.          Family of sugarcane: Gramineae/Poeace

4.          Chromosome number of sugarcane: 80,120

5.          Soil ph of sugarcane: 6.5-7.5

6.          Inflorescence of sugarcane: Arrow

7.          Noble cane developed by T.S. venketruman.

8.          Artificial ripening of cane by glyphosine, CCC and Polaris.

9.          Brix reading in sugarcane 18-20%.

10.      Sugarcane is a C-4 plant, perennial plant, long day plant, tropical crop.

11.      Upper 1/3 part of cane and 10 month old plant is used for planting because it contains higher nitrogenous and glucose which helps for better germination.

12.      Glucose present in upper part of plant and sucrose present in lower part of plant.

13.      Sugar industry is the largest agro-based industry next only to textiles in India.

14.      Sugarcane bowl of world: Cuba

15.      Water requirement of sugarcane: 2200 mm.

16.      Sugarcane is a Heavy feeder Crop.

17.      Zero tillage is practiced in sugarcane.

18.     Types of Sugarcane sp

• Chinese cane : Saccharum sinensis (Chinese cane), 
• Indian Cane : Saccharum barberi  (Indian cane)
• Tropical cane: Saccharum officinarum (Noble cane)
• Wild cane: Saccharum robustum

19.     Indian institute of sugarcane research, Luckhnow, 1952.

20.     Sugarcane breeding institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu,1912.

21.     Sugarcane breeding institute, Regional Centre Karnal, 1932

22.     Temperature for sugarcane-

•  Ripening temp : 12-14C
•  Optimum temp : 28-32C
•  Formative stage : 26.5C

23.         Seed rate of sugarcane - Setts 

•  3 budded 35000-40000 setts/ha.
•  2 budded 80000 setts/ha.
•  1 budded 120000 setts/ha.

24.      Spacing for cane- 75-90 x 45 cm.

25.        Planting season of sugarcane:

• Autum: oct- nov (north india,12 months)
• Eksali: jan-feb (north india,12 months)
•  Adsali: july - aug (south india,18 months)

26.      Sugarcane sowing methods-

•       Flatbed method: in north india, sowing depth 8-10 cm.
•       Ridge and Furrow method: in south india, depth 10-15 cm.
•       Trench method: prevent to lodging.
•       Partha method: in south india.
•       Spaced method: used single budded setts.
•       Winter nursery method: used 3 budded setts.
•       Rayangan method: used for gap filling.
•       Skip furrow method: combine method of flat bed and trench method.
•       Pit method: used in sloppy field with pit size 20-30 cm.

27.        Irrigation stages in sugarcane-

•     Germination stage: 0-60 DAP
•     Formative  stage:  60-130  DAP  (  most  critical  stage)
•     Grand phase: 130-250 DAP
•     Maturity phase: 250-365 DAP

28.        Tying: Bind stems together.

29.        Earthing up: plant root covered by soil to prevent logging. Done in 45 DAP.

30.        Logging: nutrient status of plant.

31.        Treshing: removing dry leaves from crop.

32.         Blind hoeing: weeding after sowing and before germination.

33.         Arrowing: inflorescence of cane is arrow and process of emerging is  called arrowing.

34.          Water lodging: crop fall down due to excessive water.

35.          Crop lodging: crop fall down due to high wind velocity.

36.          Logging term given by H.F. clament.

37.          Bagases: used for fuel and paper making.

38.          Molasses: for Alcohol production. The yield of molasses is approximately 3.0 percent per ton of cane.

39.          Press mud: reclamation of acidic soil. (due to lime contain)

40.          Gasohol: petrol (80%) + alcohol (20%)

  Soyabean Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

22.       Soybean is a Cheapest source of vegetable protein 40% + Oil rich 20%.

23.       Soybean contains poly unsaturated fatty acid linolic & oleic acid.

24.       Nitrogen fixation in soybean: 40kg/ha.

25.       Seed multiplication ratio of soybean: 1:16

26.       For soybean- minimum temp.- 5C, optimum – 30C, max.- 40C

27.       Ph required For soybean: 6.0-7.5

28.       Storage moisture percentage for soybean: 8-10%

 Sorghum / Jowar Oneliner - Agronomy Important Q & A For All Competitive Exam

1.          ORIGIN of Sorghum: South East Asia

2.          Botanical name of sorghum: Sorghum bicolor

3.          Family of sorghum: Poaceae/Gramineae

4.          Chromosome number of sorghum: 2n=20

5.          Sorghum is a King of coarse cereals.

6.          First hybrid of sorghum: CSH-1 (1964)

7.          HCN free variety of sorghum:  Sirsa-20

8.          Inflorescence of sorghum: Panicle

9.          Sorghum is Poor in lysine and rich in leucine.

10.      Biofertilizer used in sorghum: Azospirillum (symbiotically associative)

11.      Sorghum is a C4, often cross pollinated crop, short day plant.

12.      Seed multiplication ratio of sorghum: 1:100

13.      Minimum/base temperature for germination of sorghum: 7-8⁰C

14.      Optimum temperature for sorghum: 27-32⁰C

15.      Sorghum is known as camel crop because it has capacity to withstand  against drought condition.

16.      Sorghum Green fodder contain HCN (dhurin, prussic acid) toxic compound for animal. HCN present in early stage (40-50 DAS) in upper leaves.

17.       Protein % in sorghum: 10-12%

18.       Water requirement for sorghum: 400-600 mm.

19.       Drought and salinity tolerant variety of sorghum: CSH-9

20.       Sorghum For fodder purpose harvested at Knee stage.

21.       High dose of sorghum caused pellagra disease (Vit-B deficiency)

22.       Limit of HCN: 0.5%

23.       Ratooning technique: Harvest the main crop leaving 15 cm stubbles.

24.       Spacingfor sorghum: 45 x 15 cm or 45 x 10 cm.

25.       Sorghum sowing at 5 cm depth.

26.       Seed rate of sorghum: normal- 10-12 kg/ha, for fodder perpose- 40- 45kg/ha.